Speakers
Speakers are core components used to convert electrical signals into audible sound waves.
1. Speakers Overview
1) What are Speakers?
Definition: Loudspeaker/Speaker is a transducer device that converts electronic signals into sound waves. Its core function is to achieve electroacoustic conversion.
Structural Composition: Usually composed of a diaphragm, voice coil, magnet, and other components. Some high-end models use a combination of multiple units (such as tweeter, midrange, and woofer) to cover the full frequency band.
2) What are the Types of Speakers?
By Use: Including audio speakers, mobile phone receivers (Receiver), micro speakers, etc..
By Frequency Band:
√Tweeter: Responsible for high-frequency band (such as >2kHz);
√Mid-range driver: Covering mid-range (such as 300Hz–2kHz);
√Woofer: Specializing in low-frequency band (such as <300Hz).
2. What are the Technical Parameters and Selection Points of Speakers?
1) Key Parameters
Frequency response: such as 900 Hz (specific models);
Sound pressure level (SPL): typical value is 92 dB;
Impedance: common 8 Ohms;
Power: ranging from milliwatts (such as 300 mW) to kilowatts;
Size and installation: SMD micro speakers with a diameter of 15 mm and a depth of 2.8 mm are suitable for compact spaces.
2) Selection Considerations
Application Scenarios: need to match device requirements (such as mobile phones, audio systems, industrial alarms);
Environmental Tolerance: operating temperature range (such as -20 °C to +85 °C), dust and water resistance, etc.
Material Selection: such as Neodymium Iron Boron magnets (Neodymium Iron Boron) to improve efficiency, polyester film (Mylar) diaphragm optimizes high-frequency response.
3. Where are Speakers Used?
Consumer Electronics: integrated micro speakers in mobile phones, headphones, smart speakers and other devices;
Industrial Equipment: such as alarms, and sensor feedback systems;
Professional Audio: multi-unit combination systems are used in theaters, stages, and other scenes.
4. Positioning in Electronic Components
Packaging form: Board Mount is the mainstream, suitable for automated production;
Supporting components: often designed in collaboration with power amplifier chips and filters to optimize sound quality;
Standardized logo: abbreviated as SPEAKER in circuit design software (such as Proteus) to facilitate schematic drawing.
5. What is the Development Trend of Speakers?
Miniaturization: MEMS technology promotes the development of ultra-small speakers;
High fidelity: Digital signal processing (DSP) and multi-band frequency division technology improve sound quality;
Integration: form an intelligent acoustic system with microphones, sensors, etc.
6. Speakers FAQs
1) How to choose the right speaker?
Consider the usage scenario (home, professional recording, etc.), power requirements, and sound quality preferences, and give priority to matching the amplifier performance.
For surround sound systems, it is recommended to choose products that are consistent with the brand of the main speakers. For example, Bose surround speakers need to be paired with smart soundbars of the same brand to achieve the best effect.
It is recommended to use high-quality oxygen-free copper wire and avoid being close to electromagnetic interference sources; the main speakers should be arranged in an equilateral triangle with the listener.
2) What is the difference between passive and active speakers?
Passive speakers require an external amplifier, while active speakers have built-in amplifiers. The latter is suitable for simplifying system configuration.
3) What are the advantages of speaker transmission line design?
Compared with traditional bass reflex design, transmission lines can provide deeper a low-frequency response, but the technology is complex, and the cost is high, so they are not widely adopted.