Diodes
Diodes are basic semiconductor devices with unidirectional conductivity. Their core structure is formed by the combination of P-type and N-type semiconductors to form a PN junction.
1. Diodes Overview
PN Structure
Diodes are formed by the combination of P-type (mainly holes) and N-type (mainly electrons) semiconductors to form a PN junction. The electric field is formed by the diffusion of carriers inside to achieve unidirectional conduction characteristics.
Working Principle
Forward Bias (P region connected to the positive pole, N region connected to the negative pole): overcomes the internal electric field and conducts the current.
Reverse Bias (P region connected to the negative pole, N region connected to the positive pole): the current is blocked, and there is only a small leakage current.
2. What are the Types of Diodes?
Classification by Function
Rectifier diodes (such as Schottky diodes, fast recovery diodes)
Zener diodes (such as Zener diodes)
Photodiodes (such as LEDs, infrared detectors)
Varactor diodes (electrically tuned capacitor effect)
Classification by Material
Silicon diodes (mainstream applications)
Germanium diodes (early low-frequency circuits)
3. What are the Key Parameters of Diodes?
Forward voltage (VF): minimum voltage required for conduction
Reverse breakdown voltage (VR): maximum tolerable reverse voltage
Maximum current (IF): maximum forward current allowed to pass
4. What are Diodes Used for?
1) Basic Circuit Functions
AC to DC rectifier circuits
Signal detection and modulation (such as radio tuning)
Voltage clamping and protection (surge prevention)
2) Modern Technology Scenarios
Automotive electronics (electrification, sensors)
Communication equipment (5G, optical communications)
Smart home and IoT (IoT device power supply)
5. Related Manufacturers and Products of Diodes
Global semiconductor companies such as Diodes Incorporated (Nasdaq: DIOD) focuses on the development of diodes and related devices, covering the fields of automobiles, industry, cloud computing, etc., and provides a high-performance product portfolio including silicon carbide diodes and MOSFET.